4. THE UPTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OP DRY MATTER AND NITROGEN METABOLISM IN THE WEST AFRICAN DWARF NETHER SHEEP MAINTAINED
4.3.1 The Dry natter intake
Supplementation of h a y with concentrate C-j had not signifi
cantly ( P j 0.0 5) increased daily DII intake with the mean HI intake 0.734
of 49.4 ± 7.8,t and 62.4 i- 5 . intake per for rations A and B respectively. . Hie re wore no significant increases in DM intake in Trial 2 (P,) 0.05), with the means ranging from 61.2 + 3 . 8 for
rations C to 72.6 + 3 . 3 g per kilogram metabolic size per day for ration. F.
The DM intake increased with increasing levels of dietary crude protein and also with nitrogen intake. The DM intake was not affootod by the digestibility of DM even though there was some trends
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Effect of runinal fistulation of the Eor.it African Dwarf 'Esther sheen, on digestibility of dry patter and nitrogen contents of basal hay and c oncentrate sunplenents
TABLE a. 1
T R E A T M E N T S
A B
!
C
[
DE F
| Fistulatec | Intact 1
Fistulatod f
j Intact Fistulatod
_ __
Intact ___________
j Fistula tod Intact Fistulatod Intact Fistulato
»
j ...
| Intact I
DIGESTIBILITY OF
DRY MATTER (p e r c e n t)
I
57.0 t
| 55.4 72.7 64.5 75.2 73.3 67.8 69.3
, , 69.4 65.2
T r
66.9 t1
i
| 76.8 57.3
r— ■ -- ---- *
53.6 68.5 j 72.2 ! 79.4
,T
78.8 70.3 71.9 80.2 : 72.5 75.0 | 77.2
57.9 56.7 -70.8 j 72.0 I 75.9 71.9 74.1 79.0 | 73.9
L. . . . ___ i_ — —J
78.4 76.4 { 77.5
j__________
56.5 57.3 74.7 75.8
. 80.8
. 74.1 76.1 76.3 77.9 76.7
|
76.4-
75.8-—
MEAN ^57.2*0.3 55.7+0.7 71.7±1,2 71.1±2.3 77.8±1.5 ; f
74.1 ±1.3 74.1 ±2.1 75.4+1.5 j
i 73.2+2.5 _________ J
73.2+2.5 73.7+1.7
__ _
76.8+1.0 .
56.7 57.1 63.4
j
63.6 59.7
... . .. j.
58.6 62.5 58.3 j
j 5 7 .4 | 61.4 72.0
.. \ j
72.4 ...
DIGESTIBILITY
OF !
NITROGEN (p e r c e n t)
I
53.2 56.4 i 62.0 49.5 51.0
___ ______ t
64.0 67.1 58.7 7 1 . 6 ;
. ...____ }
— 1
65.6 73.4
i— ___
69.2 54.9
i
49.7 I
f 56.1 63.8 55.6
;
t
“. -....
71.0 73.1
i 62.4 ' ___l
73.5 70.7 j 74.2 59.4 :
i 59.7 ! .65.8
i .65.2 .59.0 .56.8
. _ J- .65.9
.60.7 .69.5 I 70.4 .70.2
j
67.5MEAN 56.0+1.7 j55.7+2.0 | 61.3+2.0 1
_ _ _ _ A
---i
60.5+3.3 56.3+1.9 |59.8+1.8 | f
66.6+1.8 |62.7+3.0 | 65.2+3.0 67.7+2.5 71.6+0.6 {70.8+1.6
“ A—
MEAN DIFFERENCES NOT SIGNIFICANT AT jfo LEVEL, BETWEEN FISTUT-ATED AND INTACT ANIMALS II.' THE PARAMETERS CONSIDERED.
A '
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122 TABLE 4.2
Dry natter intake, digestibility and N netabolisn for the ¥cst African dwarf wether sheep maintained on basal hay and concentrate supplements.
T R E A T M E N T S
_______ .... . .1. ... . .... .... ... . _ - __ .
Trial 1 • Trial 2
| A B C D E P
INTAKE OP DRY HATTER (g/day/wj^734
X
49.4±7.6
X
62.4+5.5 6l.2a*3.8 67.8a +7.8 68.9 ±3.0
a 72.6 ±3.3 INTAKE OP NITROGEN g / d a y / f c - ^
X
0.62 + 0.27
——
-0.49 + 0.11 0.8-2 + 0.07
Q.
0.91 + 0.28
B
1.28 + 0.18 1.55 + 0.17
DIGESTIBILITY OP DRY MATTER OP RATION, ( $
X
56.5 + 1.0
y
71.4 + 1.2 76.5 + 1.7 . ... ...
73.1 + 1.4 74.2 + 2.4
---- --- --- r
---75.1 + 1.5 .. —
DIGESTIBILITY OP D RY MATTER OP
CONCENTRATE (fo)
-It
85.5 + 4.6 | 90.3 + 2.2 83.0 +1. 1 83.8 + 1.8 87.1 + 2.8 DIGESTIBILITY OP NITROGEN OP
RATION {%)
X
55.9 + 1.0
x T a
6 1 . 2 + 1 . 7 | 63.5 + 0.6
¥ 69.4 + 1.6 ______ ~ ...
70.0 + 1.8 u .. “ _________ _
c 76.3 + 1.8 DIGESTIBILITY OF NITROGEN OP
CONCENTRATES. ( $
. ...
-j a
75.7 + 5.9 | 68.7 + 1.9 {
b
78.6 + 2.4
* 80.6 + 1.3
c 88.6 + 2.1
NITROGEN DIGESTED, g / d a y / w g ^
X
0.35 + 0.05 i
x j a
0.30 + 0.03 ; 0 . 5 4 + 0 . 0 3
*" i
a b
0.63 + 0.03
bo 0.91 + 0.03
c
1.20 + 0.02 NITROGEN RETAINED. g/day/W0
*754-k g
x
0.29 + 0.05
~
X r cl
0.20 + 0.02 i 0.48 + 0.04
a 0.59 + 0.09
~vzr~
0.86 + 0.08
c 1 . 1 1 + 0.09
NJ'TUOGRJN RETENTION 42.3 + 2.3
J
51.7 + 1.77a 57.5 + 1.6
ab" ' “ 63.6 + 2.7
"b 66.5 + 2.3
T 69.5 + 1.6 ROW
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The regression equations showing relationships between nutrient utilization in the West African dwarf sheep maintained on hay
and concentrate Jupplenents.
Nos y x ; REGRESSION EQUATION r
4.1 DMI MS Y = 0.28 + (0.040+0.002)X 0.50** i
4.4 log PI log ¥ Y = -1.055+(0.66840.026)X 0.97**!
I
4.6 h a d foC-R Y = 48.95 + 0 . 3 9 X 0«72* ** ;
/ 7 DP log0 CP Y = 12.15 + (56.06+5.92)X 0.91** |
• CO
DNp Cp-C Y = 62.91 + 1.43X 0.97**
4.9 UN Cp— C = X.
^O-R = X,
Y = 51.67 + 1 . 3 5 X -0.027X2
4.10 DN/kg NI /k g Y = -5 .4 5 + (0.896+0.025)X 0.99**
4.11 DCp Y = -1.86+ (0.862+0.020)X
0.8 6M.y.""
CM• • ND NI Y = 0.163+ (0.863+0.045)X
_ ^ ^ -Xr*
0.99
«r-• NR ND Y = -0.014+(0.939+0.0 2 9)x 0.99** |
n n
Ms
-PI -
¥ -HID - 5'cG— R — DP -
DIIp
-Dry Matter Intake, Metabolic Size,
kg/day
W B 4 - W 6'13t leg *9
Peed Intake, k g
Live-weight of animal, k g
Dry matter Digestibility,. per cent Percent Concentrate in ration
Percent Digestibility of Crude Protein of the ration Percent Crude Protein in ration.
Percent Digestibility of Nitrogen of concentrate CP-C — Percent Crude Protein in concentrate,
Dll/kg - Nitrogen Intake/eg Dry Matter Intake, DCp - Digestible Crude Protein, g
ND - Nitrogen Digested, g / d a y / W ^ ' J ^ NI - Nitrogen Intake, g/dayW^'7^r NR - Nitrogen Retained, g/day/l^‘7 ^ '
* Correlation coefficient significant at (P <1 0.05)
** Correlation coefficient significant at ( P < O . O l )
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124
The regression equations showing relationships between nutrient utilization in the West African dw.arf sheep maintained on basal
hay and concentrate supplements.
TABLE 4 . 3 ,2
ifI
1 1 ... [
Y X REGRESSION EQUATION r
4.14 n b NI Y = -0.32 + (0.91+0.006)x 0.91 **
4.15 NB NI Y = -0.20 + (0.83+0.03)X o • CO 4.-16 NB NI Y = -0.23 + (0.-82+0.02)x
,'LM
0;98 ' i 4.17 STB NI Y = -0.07 + (0.75+0.02)x 0.97 ; 4.18 NB NI Y = -0.07 + (0.73+0.01)X 0.99 | 4.19 NB NI Y = -0.13 + (0.77+0.01)X 0.93 ' 4.20 | FN NI Y - 3.13 + (0.16+0.02) X 0.62 4.21 \ FN
i CP-R Y = 3.68 + (0.14+0.04)X 0.75_ ___ y . 4.22 ( UN
i1
NI Y = -0.0238 + (0.0096+0.0011) 0.79*
4.23 | +FN NI Y = 1.50 + (0.24 + 0.06)X 0.17 |
NB - Nitrogen Balance, /. /, .0.734 g/da y/W.
NI - Nitrogen Intake, g/day/l^*754 XV*L>
FN - Faecal Nitrogen,• g/kg Dry Matter Intake UN - Urinary Nitrogen, g/day ^ ' P ' r
t
•M*25 Nitrogen Intake, g/day -+ — M F N estimation for ration B.
* - Correlation coefficient significant (p40.05)
** - Correlation coefficient highly significant ( p c O.Ol)
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with rations D, E and F of increasing DM intake with increasing DM digestibility.
The effect of supplenontation of hay with the concentrates is shown in Table 4.4. The neon DM intake of hay was 49.3 + 7.3
. , 0.734
g / d a y / W ^ . hlion the hay was supplemented with concentrate 01 , which consisted of nainly cassava flour, intake of hay foil to
0.734' , 0.734'
39.9 s / \ g t while 22.4g/wjJ.g, . of concentrate C-j was consumed.
Table 4.4 shows that in Trial 2 with tho protein concentrates, there wore decreases in the intake of hay and increases in the intake of
concentrates. Thus, 100 g of concentrate replaced 42,0 g of hay while 100g of concentrates C2 - O5re placed 6 6 .8 g, 53.0 g, 54.6^ and 49.0 g of ha?/
respectively the neon being 53.1 + 8.0. Thus, 100 g of concentrates replaced 53.1 g of hay during the voluntary intake of hny/concontrato rations by the sheep. From Table 4.4 it is seen that the intake
of concentrates increased with increasing levels of crude protein in the concentrates but the consumption of hay was almost equal for rations C, D, E and F which contained crude protein. Less of concentrate than O2- was taken b^r the sheep.
The proportion of DM consuned which is concentrate increased with increasing crude protein in the concentrate, being 58.5$ for ration G and 62.9$ for ration F, but 35.9 for ration B. For rations
G to F, the means differences of DM taken as concentrates were not significantly different ( P >0.0 5)
It is thus seen from this 3duly that while supplementation of hay (f.7$ crude protein) with concentrates increased the total DM
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126 TABLE 4.4
Effect of supplementing basal hay with concentrates on Intake of hay fed to the Most African dwarf sheep
Tried 1 Trial 2
A c i D
E ! P TOTAL DRY-HATTER INTAKE
, , 0 . 7 3 4 - " . g/day/Hj^
49.3
V--1 62.3 I i
“ “ “ 1
61.2 67.6 68.9 7 2 . 6
INTAKE OP' HAY
g/day/ ^ * 7 3 4 49.3 39.9 25.4 28.4 25;7 2 6 . 9
INTAKE OP CONCENTRATE g / d a y A f ' J ^
_
—
2 2 . 4 35.8 39.8 43.2 45.7
INTAKE OP CONCENTRATE AS PERCENT TOTAL INTAKE
■ " ' 1 1l»
____
3 5 . 9 58.5
' i 58.2 I
62.7 6 2 . 9
INTAKE OP HAY AS PERCENT
TOTAL INTAKE 100 64.1 41.5
1— -—
! 1 41.8 i i ... _•.
37.3 37.1 AMOUNT OP HAY REPLACED
BY 100g OP CONCENTRATE DRY MATTER
I
42.0 6 6 , 8
*“ •*
53.0 54.6 i
J---4 9 . 0
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intake, consumption of hay was reduced, and this reduction was
greater for concentrates with higher levels of crude protein than for those of low crude protein content. At the sane tine, the level of consumption of c oncentrates increased with increasing levels of crude protein in the concentrates.
The following regression equation relating DM intake (y) kg/day to the metabolic size of the sheep (x), was obtained:
Y = 0.2C + (0.040 + 0.002) X, ... >(4.1 ) (r - 0,50 , P < 0 . 0 1 )
Tile correlation coefficient was highly significant (P<0.01).
This equation can be used to estimate the amount of food required for the sheep. For example, the live weight of sheep No. 263 was 2 3 . 6 k g in the second trial and this is about 10.0 k g when converted to the metabolic 3ize. The animal then requires 0.68 k g DM according to the regression equation. This value is approximately 3 ^ of the live weight of the sheep.
It was found that the equation of the type C
where C is DM consumption in kilogram, and ¥ is the live weight in kilogram, a raid b being constants, could be used to estimate intake
of DM by the sheep. Regression of log C over log ¥ gives *b* as the regression coefficient and ’a* as the constant. The equation above can be re-written as
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log C = log a + b log ¥ ...(4.3a) or I = A + b log X ... (4.3b ) The equation of regression is
Y = (0.668 + 0.26) X - 1.053 ... (4.4) Hie antilog of the constant gives a value of 0.0885. Thus the equation is
Y « 0.0885W0,668 ... (4.5$
(r = 0.91 , P 4'0.05)
The equation shows that DM consumption varies not with the 0 .6 6 8
128
weight but with the metabolic size of the animal ( ¥ ^ ). This approximates to 0.67, the exapenont relating body weight to surface area.